congenital cardiac anomalies
Congenital
cardiovascular anomalies • Ebstein anomaly - Ganzer Fall bei Radiopaedia
Congenital
cardiovascular anomalies • Ventricular septal defect - Ganzer Fall bei Radiopaedia
Pulmonary
plethora • Atrioventricular septal defect - Ganzer Fall bei Radiopaedia
Tetralogy of
Fallot • Tetralogy of Fallot - Ganzer Fall bei Radiopaedia
Atrial septal
defect • Atrial septal defect - Ganzer Fall bei Radiopaedia
Transposition
of the great arteries • Transposition of great arteries (TGA) - Ganzer Fall bei Radiopaedia
Cyanotic
congenital heart disease • Total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR) - Ganzer Fall bei Radiopaedia
Congenital
cardiovascular anomalies • Ebstein's anomaly - antenatal ultrasound - Ganzer Fall bei Radiopaedia
Tetralogy of
Fallot • Tetralogy of Fallot (diagram) - Ganzer Fall bei Radiopaedia
Congenital cardiovascular anomalies are relatively common, with an incidence of up to 1% if small muscular VSDs are included. As a group, there is a much greater frequency in syndromic infants and in those that are stillborn.
Clinical presentation
Broadly, congenital cardiovascular anomalies can be clinically divided into:
Depending on the lesion and its severity, patients may be asymptomatic or conversely, may present with rapidly deteriorating congestive cardiac failure.
Pathology
These defects as a group have a heterogeneous etiology with many resulting from an interplay between both genetic and environmental factors.
Subtypes
A list of anomalies and their approximate occurrences (as a percentage of all congenital cardiac disease) are given below:
- ventricular septal defect (VSD): 40%
- atrial septal defect (ASD): 10%
- congenital pulmonary stenosis: 8%
- patent ductus arteriosus (PDA): 7%
- transposition of the great arteries (TGA): 7%
- tetralogy of Fallot (TOF): 5%
- coarctation of the aorta: 5%
- atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD): 4%
- congenital aortic stenosis: 4%
- hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS): 4%
- double outlet right ventricle (DORV): 2%
- interrupted aortic arch (IAA): 1.5%
- truncus arteriosus: 1%
- total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR): 1%
- tricuspid atresia: 1%
- pulmonary atresia:
- Ebstein anomaly: 0.7%
- Bland-White-Garland syndrome: ~0.5%
- cor triatriatum: ~0.1%
- partial anomalous pulmonary venous return (PAPVR): 0.5%
- double outlet left ventricle (DOLV)
- aortopulmonary septal defect: <1%
- Gerbode defect: <1%
- Shone complex: <1%
- hypoplastic right heart syndrome (HRHS)
- aortoventricular tunnel <0.1%
Other valvular anomalies
Percentages may not necessarily add up to 100 due to overlap and simultaneous occurrence of abnormalities.
Associations
Congenital cardiac anomalies can be found with many aneuploid conditions which include:
- trisomy 18: up to 90% can have cardiac anomalies
- trisomy 13: up to 90%
- trisomy 21: up to 50%
- Turner syndrome: up to 40%
Siehe auch:
- Aortenisthmusstenose
- Chiari-Netz
- Pätau-Syndrom
- Persistierender Ductus arteriosus
- Atriumseptumdefekt
- Down-Syndrom
- Normvarianten Koronararterien
- Ebstein anomaly
- Cor triatriatum
- Turner-Syndrom
- Fallot'sche Tetralogie
- Trisomie 18
- Transposition der großen Arterien
- tricuspid atresia
- hypoplastic left heart syndrome
- quadricuspid aortic valve
- Bikuspidalität der Aortenklappe
- Bland-White-Garland-Syndrom
- Divertikel des linken Vorhofs
- double outlet right ventricle (DORV)
- congenital aortic stenosis
- atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD)
- conotruncal cardiac anomalies
- totale Lungenvenenfehlmündung
- Pulmonalatresie
- Single Ventricle
- Normale Herzkonfiguration im Röntgen-Thorax
- partielle Lungenvenenfehlmündung
- Valvula Eustachii
- Ventrikelseptumdefekt
- fibromuskuläres Band im linken Vorhof
- Valvula thebesii
- Varianten linkes Herzohr
- Truncus arteriosus communis
- congenital heart disease : CXR approach
- Atresie der Aorta
- kongenitale Pulmonalstenose
und weiter:
- Ektasie Aorta ascendens
- einseitig vermehrte Transparenz Thorax
- Lungensequester
- Situs inversus
- obstetric curriculum
- Ösophagusatresie
- acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
- Herzfehler
- Kardiomegalie
- Hydrops fetalis
- Chylothorax
- mandibuläre Retrognathie
- acyanotic congenital heart disease
- Ellis-van-Creveld-Syndrom
- Situs ambiguus
- Mikrognathie
- fetal conditions associated with maternal diabetes
- rechts descendierende Aorta
- Diastrophische Dysplasie
- Fetales Valproat-Syndrom
- nuchal translucency
- fetal pleural effusion
- CXR approach to congenital heart disease
- caudal dysplasia sequence
- kongenitale pulmonale Atemwegsmalformation (CPAM)
- Abernethy malformation
- CHARGE-Syndrom
- Surfactant-Mangelsyndrom
- chest x-ray appeoach to congenital heart disease
- Embryopathia rubeolosa
- abnormal ductus venosus waveforms
- Rubinstein-Taybi-Syndrom
- Golfballphänomen
- nuchal thickness
- Cornelia-de-Lange-Syndrom
- Lungensequester extralobulär
- congenital heart disease - chest x-ray approach
- mesoectodermal dysplasia
- Goldenhar-Gorlin-Syndrom
- Herz Anatomie
- Fryns-Syndrom
- Kabuki-Syndrom
- epikardiale Schrittmachersonden
- endocardial cushion defect
- fetal complete atrioventricular block
- fetal tachyarrhythmia
- camptomelic dysplasia
- hydrolethalus
- anomalous left coronary artery off the pulmonary artery
- McKusick-Kaufman-Syndrom
- verzögerte Skelettreifung
- dilantin embryopathy
- absent ductus venosus
- four chamber cardiac view
- transient tachypnea of newborn
- fetal bradyarrhythmia
- lentiginosis profusa syndrome
- congenital vascular anomalies
- iron deficiency anaemia
- Polysplenie-Syndrom
- Zyanotischer Herzfehler
- camptomelic dwarfism
- Thrombozytopenie-Radiusaplasie-Syndrom
- fetal premature atrial contractions
- fetal nuchal oedema
- retained foetal fluid
- cyanotic congenital cardiac anomaly
- Membran im linken Vorhof
- Zephalozele
- double chamber right ventricle (DCRV)
- Miller-Dieker Syndrom
- Herzektopie
- Nabelvenenaneurysma
- kongenitaler Hydrozephalus
Assoziationen und Differentialdiagnosen zu congenital cardiovascular anomaly:
atrioventricular
septal defect (AVSD)
