causes of pulmonary arterial hypertension
Pulmonary hypertension (differential)
causes of pulmonary arterial hypertension
Pulmonary hypertension has many causes, and these can be divided in many ways. A simple and systematic approach is to proceed along the cardiopulmonary pulmonary circulation, as causes are found at each site (for a more official classification system see 2003 third world symposium on pulmonary arterial hypertension classification).
For further discussion of this condition, see pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Causes
- right heart
- Eisenmenger phenomenon: chronic left to right shunts
- pulmonary arteries
- pulmonary artery stenosis
- hypertension will be confined to the right heart and artery proximal to the stenosis
- chronic/repeated pulmonary emboli including
- fat embolism
- tumor emboli, e.g. trophoblastic disease
- arteritis
- pulmonary artery stenosis
- pulmonary capillaries and pulmonary parenchyma
- asthma
- bronchiectasis, including
- chronic bronchitis
- emphysema including
- lymphangiomyomatosis (LAM)
- Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH/histiocytosis X)
- pulmonary fibrosis: any cause, including
- pulmonary veins
- left heart
- chronic left heart failure
- mitral valve stenosis
- hypoplastic left heart syndrome
- chest wall and upper airway resulting in chronic hypoxia
- kyphoscoliosis
- obesity without or with hypoventilation syndrome, e.g. Pickwickian syndrome
- fibrothorax
- others
- chronic renal failure
- pulmonary tumoral thrombotic microangiopathy
- fibrosing mediastinitis
- hematological disorders
- chronic hemolytic anemia
- myeloproliferative disorders
- splenectomy
- metabolic disorders
Siehe auch:
- Polyarteriitis nodosa
- Bronchiektasen
- Lungenarterienembolie
- Persistierender Ductus arteriosus
- Atriumseptumdefekt
- Lungenfibrose
- Lymphangioleiomyomatose
- Dermatomyositis
- Granulomatose mit Polyangiitis
- systemischer Lupus Erythematodes
- zystische Fibrose
- Pneumonokoniose
- Takayasu-Arteriitis
- Fibrothorax
- pulmonale Hypertonie
- Alpha-1-Antitrypsin-Mangel
- Histiozytose X
- hypoplastic left heart syndrome
- pulmonale venookklusive Erkrankung
- idiopathische Lungenfibrose
- Pulmonary hypertension (2003 classification)
- rheumatoid lung
- Eisenmenger-Reaktion
- Ventrikelseptumdefekt
- Emphysem
- trophoblastic disease
- venolobar syndrome
und weiter:
Assoziationen und Differentialdiagnosen zu Pulmonary hypertension (differential):