MR angiography
Maximum
intensity projection (MIP) of a time-of-flight (TOF) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) collected at 4 Tesla. MRA shows the circle of Willis
Magnetic resonance angiography (usually shortened to MR angiography or MRA) is an alternative to conventional angiography and CT angiography, eliminating the need for ionizing radiation and iodinated contrast media, and sometimes contrast media altogether. It has evolved into several techniques with different advantages and applications:
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Imaging technology
- imaging technology
- imaging physics
- imaging in practice
- x-ray
- x-ray physics
- x-ray in practice
- x-ray production
- x-ray tubes
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- digital radiography
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- ring artifact
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- MRI
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- MRI pulse sequences (basics | abbreviations | parameters)
- T1 weighted image
- T2 weighted image
- proton density weighted image
- chemical exchange saturation transfer
- CSF flow studies
- diffusion weighted imaging (DWI)
- echo-planar pulse sequences
- fat-suppressed imaging sequences
- gradient echo sequences
- inversion recovery sequences
- metal artifact reduction sequence (MARS)
- perfusion-weighted imaging
- techniques
- derived values
- saturation recovery sequences
- spin echo sequences
- spiral pulse sequences
- susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI)
- T1 rho
- MR angiography (and venography)
- MR spectroscopy (MRS)
- 2-hydroxyglutarate peak: resonates at 2.25 ppm
- alanine peak: resonates at 1.48 ppm
- choline peak: resonates at 3.2 ppm
- citrate peak: resonates at 2.6 ppm
- creatine peak: resonates at 3.0 ppm
- functional MRI (fMRI)
- gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) peak: resonates at 2.2-2.4 ppm
- glutamine-glutamate peak: resonates at 2.2-2.4 ppm
- Hunter's angle
- lactate peak: resonates at 1.3 ppm
- lipids peak: resonates at 1.3 ppm
- myoinositol peak: resonates at 3.5 ppm
- MR fingerprinting
- N-acetylaspartate (NAA) peak: resonates at 2.0 ppm
- propylene glycol peak: resonates at 1.13 ppm
- MRI artifacts
- MRI hardware and room shielding
- central point artifact
- herringbone artifact
- inhomogeneity artifact
- moiré fringes
- RF overflow artifact
- zebra stripes
- zipper artifact
- MRI software
- patient and physiologic motion
- tissue heterogeneity and foreign bodies
- Fourier transform and Nyquist sampling theorem
- MRI hardware and room shielding
- MRI contrast agents
- MRI safety
- ultrasound
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- transducers
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- convex array
- phased array
- frame averaging (frame persistence)
- ultrasound image resolution
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- harmonic imaging
- real-time imaging
- Doppler imaging
- Doppler effect
- color Doppler
- power Doppler
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- wall filter
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- peak systolic velocity
- end-diastolic velocity
- resistive index
- pulsatility index
- Reynolds number
- panoramic imaging
- compound imaging
- harmonic imaging
- elastography
- scanning modes
- 2D ultrasound
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- 4D ultrasound
- M-mode
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- acoustic shadowing
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- beam width artifact
- reverberation artifact
- ring down artifact
- mirror image artifact
- side lobe artifact
- speckle artifact
- speed displacement artifact
- refraction artifact
- multipath artifact
- anisotropy
- electrical interference artifact
- hardware-related artifacts
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- acoustic streaming
- biological effects of ultrasound
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- nuclear medicine
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- radiopharmaceuticals
- fundamentals of radiopharmaceuticals
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- nuclear reactor produced radionuclides
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- radiation detection
- dosimetry
- specific agents
- carbon-11
- chromium-51
- fluorine agents
- gallium agents
- Ga-67 citrate
- Ga-68
- iodine agents
- I-123
- I-123 iodide
- I-123 ioflupane (DaTSCAN)
- I-123 ortho-iodohippurate
- I-131
- MIBG scans
- I-123 MIBG
- I-131 MIBG
- I-123
- indium agents
- In-111 Octreoscan
- In-111 OncoScint
- In-111 Prostascint
- In-111 oxine labeled WBC
- krypton-81m
- nitrogen-13
- oxygen-15
- phosphorus-32
- selenium-75
- technetium agents
- Tc-99m DMSA
- Tc-99m DTPA
- Tc-99m DTPA aerosol
- Tc-99m HMPAO
- Tc-99m HMPAO labeled WBC
- Tc-99m MAA
- Tc-99m MAG3
- Tc-99m MDP
- Tc-99m mercaptoacetyltriglycine
- Tc-99m pertechnetate
- Tc-99m labeled RBC
- Tc-99m sestamibi
- Tc-99m sulfur colloid
- Tc-99m sulfur colloid (oral)
- thallium-201 chloride
- xenon agents
- in vivo therapeutic agents
- erbium-169
- samarium-153
- strontium-89
- yttrium-90
- pharmaceuticals used in nuclear medicine
Siehe auch:
- Fallot'sche Tetralogie
- phase contrast imaging
- contrast enhanced MR angiography
- non contrast enhanced MR angiography
und weiter:
Assoziationen und Differentialdiagnosen zu MRT-Angiographie:
