Chronic bilateral airspace opacification (differential)
Chronic bilateral airspace opacification is a subset of the differential diagnosis for airspace opacification. An exhaustive list of all possible causes of chronic bilateral airspace opacities is long, but a useful framework is as follows:
- inflammatory
- sarcoidosis
- granulomatosis with polyangiitis
- eosinophilic lung disease
- cryptogenic organizing pneumonia - formerly bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP)
- polyarteritis nodosa (PAN)
- Churg-Strauss syndrome
- infective
- tuberculosis
- fungal lung infection - especially in immunocompromised patients
- incompletely treated infection
- neoplastic / lymphoproliferative
- lymphoma
- lymphoid interstitial pneumonia (LIP)
- bronchoalveolar carcinoma (BAC)
- post obstructive
- other
- lipoid pneumonia
- recurrent pulmonary hemorrhage
- alveolar proteinosis
Related Radiopaedia articles
Chest
- imaging techniques
- chest x-ray
- approach
- adult
- frontal projection
- lateral projection
- lateral decubitus
- congenital heart disease
- medical devices in the thorax
- common lines and tubes
- nasogastric tubes
- endotracheal tubes
- central venous catheters
- pleural catheters
- cardiac conduction devices
- prosthetic heart valve
- review areas
- pediatric
- neonatal
- adult
- airspace opacification
- differential diagnoses of airspace opacification
- lobar consolidation
- atelectasis
- mechanism-based
- morphology-based
- lobar lung collapse
- chest x-ray in the exam setting
- adult chest x-ray in the exam setting
- pediatric chest x-ray in the exam setting
- neonatal chest x-ray in the exam setting
- cardiomediastinal contour
- chest radiograph zones
- tracheal air column
- fissures
- normal chest x-ray appearance of the diaphragm
- nipple shadow
- lines and stripes
- anterior junction line
- posterior junction line
- right paratracheal stripe
- left paratracheal stripe
- posterior tracheal stripe/tracheo-esophageal stripe
- posterior wall of bronchus intermedius
- right paraspinal line
- left paraspinal line
- aortic-pulmonary stripe
- aortopulmonary window
- azygo-esophageal recess
- spaces
- signs
- air bronchogram
- big rib sign
- Chang sign
- Chen sign
- coin lesion
- continuous diaphragm sign
- dense hilum sign
- double contour sign
- egg-on-a-string sign
- extrapleural sign
- finger in glove sign
- flat waist sign
- Fleischner sign
- ginkgo leaf sign
- Golden S sign
- Hampton hump
- haystack sign
- hilum convergence sign
- hilum overlay sign
- Hoffman-Rigler sign
- holly leaf sign
- incomplete border sign
- juxtaphrenic peak sign
- Kirklin sign
- medial stripe sign
- melting ice cube sign
- more black sign
- Naclerio V sign
- Palla sign
- pericardial fat tag sign
- Shmoo sign
- silhouette sign
- snowman sign
- spinnaker sign
- steeple sign
- straight left heart border sign
- third mogul sign
- tram-track sign
- walking man sign
- water bottle sign
- wave sign
- Westermark sign
- approach
- HRCT
- chest x-ray
- airways
- bronchitis
- small airways disease
- bronchiectasis
- broncho-arterial ratio
- related conditions
- differentials by distribution
- narrowing
- tracheal stenosis
- diffuse tracheal narrowing (differential)
- bronchial stenosis
- diffuse airway narrowing (differential)
- tracheal stenosis
- diverticula
- pulmonary edema
- interstitial lung disease (ILD)
- drug-induced interstitial lung disease
- hypersensitivity pneumonitis
- acute hypersensitivity pneumonitis
- subacute hypersensitivity pneumonitis
- chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis
- etiology
- bird fancier's lung: pigeon fancier's lung
- farmer's lung
- cheese workers' lung
- bagassosis
- mushroom worker’s lung
- malt worker’s lung
- maple bark disease
- hot tub lung
- wine maker’s lung
- woodsman’s disease
- thatched roof lung
- tobacco grower’s lung
- potato riddler’s lung
- summer-type pneumonitis
- dry rot lung
- machine operator’s lung
- humidifier lung
- shower curtain disease
- furrier’s lung
- miller’s lung
- lycoperdonosis
- saxophone lung
- idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (mnemonic)
- acute interstitial pneumonia (AIP)
- cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP)
- desquamative interstitial pneumonia (DIP)
- non-specific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP)
- idiopathic pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis
- lymphoid interstitial pneumonia (LIP)
- respiratory bronchiolitis–associated interstitial lung disease (RB-ILD)
- usual interstitial pneumonia / idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (UIP/IPF)
- pneumoconioses
- fibrotic
- non-fibrotic
- lung cancer
- non-small-cell lung cancer
- adenocarcinoma
- pre-invasive tumors
- minimally invasive tumors
- invasive tumors
- variants of invasive carcinoma
- described imaging features
- adenosquamous carcinoma
- large cell carcinoma
- primary sarcomatoid carcinoma of the lung
- squamous cell carcinoma
- salivary gland-type tumors
- adenocarcinoma
- pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors
- preinvasive lesions
- lung cancer invasion patterns
- tumor spread through air spaces (STAS)
- presence of non-lepidic patterns such as acinar, papillary, solid, or micropapillary
- myofibroblastic stroma associated with invasive tumor cells
- pleural invasion
- vascular invasion
- tumors by location
- benign neoplasms
- pulmonary metastases
- lung cancer screening
- lung cancer staging
- lung cancer staging
- IASLC (International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer) 8th edition (current)
- IASLC (International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer) 7th edition (superseeded)
- 1996 AJCC-UICC Regional Lymph Node Classification for Lung Cancer Staging
- non-small-cell lung cancer
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